Yange Deng^*1 (orcid.org/0000-0002-2185-6372), Sohiko Kameyama^*2, Hiroshi Tanimoto^*1 (orcid.org/0000-0002-5424-9923), Jinyoung Jung^*3

^*1 Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)

^*2 Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University

^*3 Division of Polar Ocean Science, KOPRI

NIES

Email: cgerdb_admin(at)nies.go.jp

The air intake was set at the handrail of the front deck to avoid ship exhaust pollution. A cyclone was attached at the intake to selectively sample PM2.5 aerosols. Light absorption methods were used to measure the BC mass concentration: during the cruises in 2016–2019, a continuous soot monitoring system (COSMOS, model 3130, KANOMAX, Japan; 565 nm wavelength) with the inlet line heated to 400°C was used; during the 2020 cruise, an Aethalometer (model AE33, Magee Scientific Co., USA; 880 nm wavelength) was used. The Picarro G2401 gas concentration analyzer (Picarro, Inc., USA) was used to measure the mixing ratios of CH₄, CO, and CO₂, and the instrument was calibrated by running the standard CH₄ gas (RIGAS, Korea) for 8 min every day. The mixing ratios of O₃ were obtained using the O₃ monitor (Model 1100, Dylec Inc., Japan), which utilized absorption at 253.7 nm emitted by a low-pressure mercury lump and was calibrated through intercomparison with a standard reference photometer (SRP) #2.

In 2016–2019 and 2020, BC mass concentrations measured at 1- and 5-min intervals were recorded, respectively. To avoid the influence of ship exhausts, we only used 1- or 5-min data records that occurred when the 1-min wind direction and speed relative to the ship's course were within ±60° of the bow and >3 m s^-1, respectively, for continuous 10 min centered around the current 1- or 5-min data record. The hourly value was calculated only if there were more than 40 minutes of valid data records in an hour, by averaging the 1- or 5-min values in that hour. The raw CH₄ mixing ratio data were first calibrated according to the standard CH₄ gas. The CO and CO₂ data during the CH₄ calibration periods were omitted. These data were then averaged to 1-min time resolution. Finally, the 1-h mixing ratios of CH₄, CO, and CO₂ were derived in the same way as that of BC from the 1-min data. The mixing ratios of O₃ were recorded at 1-min intervals. The 1-h O₃ mixing ratio data were derived in the same way as that of BC. In addition, in 2017 and 2018, the 1-minute BC data observed south of 44.5°N latitude were further checked for ship exhaust pollution by the 1-minute O₃ data before deriving hourly values. When O₃ decreased and BC increased at the same time, both data were considered invalid.

[Free keywords]

Arctic, Shipborne observation, R/V Araon, Black Carbon, Ozone, Methane, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, O₃, CH₄, CO, CO₂

[GCMD_Platform]

Water-based Platforms > Vessels > Surface > R/V ARAON

[GCMD_Science]

EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > AEROSOLS > BLACK CARBON

[2023/07/XX]

Version 2023-1.0 was released (ver.2023-1.0)

Kimiko Suto

Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)

Hiroshi Tanimoto (orcid.org/0000-0002-5424-9923)

Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)

Hiroshi Tanimoto (orcid.org/0000-0002-5424-9923)

Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)

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